I've had that happen to me once or twice, Lynn over the course of the last 5 years! Especially after a big Photoshop CC update.
I used to go back into File > Edit > Preferences > General to re-set things back to how I liked them which was very time-consuming.
A few years ago, I learned that I can save a set of styles. I have several different ones that I like to use daily, so I loaded them all into the styles panel and then saved them as My Favorite Style Set to my computer, so now if I lose just the Styles for any reason, I just have to load one style set. Strangely, I've never lost my Actions - they always stay exactly as they have been.
You can also save your workspace, which I learned to do a few years ago as well! Once you have it set the way you like it, in the upper right-hand corner click on the middle icon (circled in red) in the screenshot below:
A window will pop up and towards the bottom, you will see New Workspace. Click on that, name it whatever you'd like (I check all the boxes shown), as I want everything exactly the way it is when I save it, and then if for any reason PS CC re-sets anything or reverts back to if I was opening it for the first time, I simply click on the toolbar on Window > Workspace and any workspaces you've saved will be listed, click on the one you want and your workspace will go back to how you saved it. This little tip has saved me lots of time over the years, as the most I have to click on now is to re-set the workspace, and re-load My Favorite Style Set, taking just a few seconds to do both.
On the not letting you resize or adjust anything, when the Move Tool is highlighted, peek at the settings above it, as I have to have a checkmark in Auto-Select, and then Layer Selected, followed by a checkmark in Show Transform Controls, before I can resize and make adjustments.
Hopefully something above will be helpful for you!
